Introduction of parts in the car

Air filter: The function is to filter the dust and impurities in the air, allowing clean air to enter the engine, which is very important for the life and normal operation of the engine. If the air filter absorbs more dust and impurities, it will be blocked and affect the operation of the engine, so it must be replaced regularly. If you drive in a dusty place, such as a place with sandstorms, the replacement cycle of the air filter will be shortened.

Battery: Needless to say, it stores electrical energy. Generally lead batteries, the electrolyte is dilute sulfuric acid.

Brake fluid: Brake fluid as usual. Nowadays, the braking of a car is generally hydraulic, that is, the brake fluid is used as a medium to transmit the force of the brake pedal to the brake disc.

Ignition coil: Converts low voltage to high voltage, and generates electric spark through the spark plug below it, which ignites the fuel-air mixture and burns to do work.

Engine oil: Needless to say, this is mineral oil or synthetic oil that plays a role of lubricating and sealing. If the engine lacks the lubrication of oil, serious problems such as cylinder pulling and bushing will occur.

Power-assisted steering oil: At present, the steering assist of a car is generally still a traditional hydraulic assist. Since it is hydraulic, it needs an oil medium. Of course, some cars have begun to use electric power assistance, which is also the future development trend.

Antifreeze: circulate in the channel between the radiator and the engine cylinder. The liquid medium used to cool the engine is mainly water and additives. Because of its antifreeze function, it is called antifreeze.

Glass water: Everyone on earth knows that it is used for glass cleaning.

Oil dipstick: A ruler for detecting the amount of oil. When using, turn off the engine first, pull out the oil dipstick, wipe off the oil on it with a clean paper towel, and then plug it in and then pull it out. The oil level of the oil must be between the two upper and lower limit scales on the ruler. It can’t be less.

Fuse box: There are a lot of fuses for electrical equipment and relays. There are two fuse boxes in the small F, and the other is at the bottom left of the driver’s cab. See the instructions on the car for details.

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Air inlet: The inlet of the engine’s air intake. This is optimized. The position has been improved a lot. The air inlet position of the old car is relatively low. The engine is prone to water ingress when wading. The position of the air inlet is the limit of the car’s wading depth, which must not be exceeded. Once the engine gets water, the consequences are very serious~!

Electronic throttle: It is said that it is a throttle, but it has nothing to do with oil. It connects the intake manifold and the intake manifold, and controls the intake of the engine, so the correct term should be the electronic throttle. The engine control module calculates the fuel injection volume based on the intake air volume, so that the engine speed and output power can be controlled. There is also a cable throttle, which uses a cable to control the throttle opening. Although the power is directly not as lagging as the electronic throttle, the electronic throttle has high technology content and is fuel-efficient.

Intake Manifold: The branch of the intake manifold that branches from the intake manifold to each cylinder. Although it is a tube, it has technological content, such as a variable intake manifold.

Carbon canister valve: The canister absorbs gasoline vapor in the fuel tank. After the canister valve is opened, the engine will suck the gasoline vapor absorbed by the activated carbon in the canister into the intake pipe, and then participate in combustion. This is not only good for environmental protection, but also saves a little oil.

Gasoline Distributor: Distribute gasoline to various fuel injectors. The fuel injectors connected below it are blocked and invisible.

Detailed explanation: When the engine is working, there is always a part of combustible mixture and exhaust gas flowing into the crankcase through the piston ring, and the gasoline vapor flowing into the crankcase will be condensed, which will make the oil thinner and deteriorate the performance. The exhaust gas contains water vapor and sulfur dioxide. The water vapor condenses in the engine oil to form bubbles and destroys the oil supply. This phenomenon is particularly serious in winter; sulfur dioxide meets water to generate sulfurous acid, and sulfurous acid meets oxygen in the air to generate sulfuric acid. These acidic substances The appearance of not only deteriorates the engine oil, but also corrodes the parts. As the combustible mixture and exhaust gas rush into the crankcase, the pressure in the crankcase will increase, and the oil will leak out from the crankshaft oil seal, crankcase gasket, etc. The oil vapor lost to the atmosphere will increase the engine’s pollution to the atmosphere. The engine equipped with crankcase ventilation device can avoid or alleviate the above phenomenon. Therefore, the function of the engine crankcase ventilation device is: 1. Prevent oil deterioration: 2. Prevent leakage of crankshaft oil seal and crankcase gasket; 3. Prevent various Oil vapor pollutes the atmosphere. Crankcase ventilation includes natural ventilation and forced ventilation. Modern gasoline engines often use forced crankcase ventilation, also known as the PCV system. When the engine is working, the vacuum of the intake pipe sucks fresh air into the cylinder head cover through the air filter and air hose, and then into the crankcase through the cylinder head and the holes on the body. The fresh air in the crankcase is mixed with the crankcase gas and then enters the intake pipe through the cylinder head cover and the crankcase gas hose, and then enters the combustion chamber through the intake valve and is burned.

Fuel injector: The gasoline pressurized by the gasoline pump is sprayed out in the form of atomization. The hole of the fuel injection nozzle is very small, so that the gasoline can be better atomized, but it is also easy to block, so the fuel injection nozzle should be cleaned regularly. Nowadays, automobile engines are generally EFI. The so-called EFI is the abbreviation for electronically controlled fuel injection. The basic principle is that the engine control module calculates the best fuel injection timing and fuel injection quantity based on the information of each sensor, controls the fuel injection nozzle, and injects gasoline to the end of the intake manifold, which is then sucked into the cylinder by the engine and burned to do work. Different from the traditional carburetor engine, the electronic fuel injection engine can more accurately control the fuel quantity, good atomization, full combustion, and it brings excellent performance. My space information is updated every day, and it can save fuel. However, advanced technology also has shortcomings. It is too complicated and maintenance is not easy.

Vacuum booster: Use the force generated by the pressure difference between the vacuum negative pressure of the engine’s intake pipe and the atmospheric pressure to assist the brakes, which can reduce the “labor intensity” of the driver. After the engine is turned off, you can first step on the brakes to stop the booster. Then step on the brakes, and you will find that you can’t step on it as much as you can. Without assistance, driving is really manual labor~! This is why the engine must not be stalled while the car is running. Once the flame is turned off, the power assist is gone and the brakes fail. At the same time, the hydraulic power steering also fails. Think about it, how terrible it is that you can’t move the direction or stop the car~!

Brake master cylinder: Generate brake fluid pressure, which is transmitted to each brake cylinder through the brake oil pipe.

Clutch master cylinder: When the clutch pedal is stepped on, the clutch master cylinder connected to the pedal will act to generate hydraulic pressure, which is transmitted to the clutch pump along the pipeline, and then converted into mechanical force to separate the clutch. The clutch operating system of the small F is hydraulic and shares a hydraulic oil with the brake system, so there is a pipe connected to the brake fluid tank.

ABS pump: a very important safety device~! ABS means automatic anti-lock braking system. When the brakes are applied, the ABS system will automatically apply dozens of brakes per second to each wheel based on information such as vehicle speed and braking strength to prevent the tires from locking and slipping and losing control of the body. And it can provide steering ability when braking to avoid obstacles.

Power steering pump: Provide hydraulic power for power steering. *Some car owners in the jar reported that the abnormal noise of the belt was caused by the deviation of the booster pump bracket, which caused the pulley of the booster pump to be out of the same plane with other pulleys, and abnormal friction with the pulley when the belt was running, causing noise.

Air conditioning compressor: Compress the vaporized refrigerant into a liquid state, and then pump it into the evaporator to produce the coolness we need~!

Exhaust manifold: The exhaust gas produced by each cylinder of the engine flows into the exhaust manifold through the exhaust manifold, and then is discharged into the atmosphere through the three-way catalyst and muffler. Because the exhaust gas of the engine is very hot, add a protective shell here to play a role of heat insulation. Seeing the sign of the hand shape, there is also an X, which means don’t touch it, it will burn you~!

Oxygen sensor: It detects the oxygen content in the exhaust gas and sends the signal to the engine control module to control the fuel injection volume, so that the fuel can be fully burned and emissions are reduced.

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